Colorado Guide

How to Climb a Colorado 14er

  • April 28, 2021

So you want to climb a 14er? More specifically you want to climb a 14er in the state of Colorado. Maybe you’re planning a trip to come visit soon or maybe you already live here and have just never gotten around to it. Either way, climbing a 14er, or any mountain for that matter can be daunting to someone who doesn’t have the experience to approach it confidently. While I cant give you the experience, you’ll have to conquer the mountain on your own, I can share with you all of the knowledge and know-how that I have acquired over the years to help prepare and position you for a safe, enjoyable, and hopefully successful day in the mountains!

Where to Begin?

Making the decision to climb a 14er is obviously the first step, but unless you simply plan on driving to the top of Pikes Peak, you are going to have to put in some leg work to ensure that you have the knowledge, fitness, and gear to make it to the top. There are many things to consider when planning your climb so we will go through each aspect individually to ensure we that cover all of the bases.

Selecting a Season/Timeframe

The first thing you are going to need to do is to figure out when you plan on actually climbing. This decision should include factors such as your availability, what kind of crowds or experience you are hoping to get, and most importantly, the difficulties and dangers of seasonal weather/conditions. I’ve compiled a list of general items below for your consideration:

  • Mid-to-Late Summer is ideal for easier, snow free trails and more accessible trailheads (due to a lack of unplowed snow on the roads that lead to them) but beware the dangers of monsoon season!
    • Pros: Snow Free Trails, Easiest Access to Trailheads, Shorter Trails, Generally Pleasant Temperatures
    • Cons: Rapidly Forming Thunderstorms (Monsoon Season), Not as Scenic as Fall or Winter, Peak Crowds, Lack of Parking at Trailheads (due to the overcrowding)
    • Crowds: Peak Climbing Season/Peak Crowds (Pro-Tip: The farther from Denver the 14er, generally the less crowded it is!)
  • Early Fall is a beautiful time of year and can give you great views of fall colors but be warned that early season snowfall could throw a major wrench into your plans.
    • Pros: Amazing Views of the Fall Colors, Decreasing Crowds, Generally Tolerable Temperatures
    • Cons: Weather can be unpredictable, Crowds can vary wildly
    • Crowds: Moderate to High on Weekends, Low to Moderate on Weekdays
  • Late Fall through Early Summer in the alpine is absolutely stunning and largely peaceful but climbing on snow and ice introduces a number of new challenges and difficulties.
    • Pros: Stunning Views, More Direct Routes, Peace & Solitude
    • Cons: Enhanced Difficulties and Dangers, Longer Trails, Difficult Access, Generally Less Comfortable Temperatures
    • Crowds: Minimal to Moderate Depending on Day and Location

Ultimately, when to climb surrounds the presence (or absence) of snow. Without snow you can drive all the way up to the trailhead because the roads are clear. You might not be able to park because it is generally the most crowded time of year so you will have to get there earlier than everyone else to ensure a spot for your vehicle. Once you get on the trail, you should be treated to (mostly) straightforward, snow-free paths and once you get to the summit you can probably expect at least a few bystanders in the background of your summit photo. Most importantly though, you should always know the forecast, watch the sky, and, as a general rule of thumb, be off the summit (preferably back below the tree line) by noon) to avoid the all too common afternoon thunderstorms that form rapidly in the mountains of Colorado. (Additional Note: The overcrowding issue becomes less of a problem the further you venture away from the larger metropolitan areas. It’s completely possible to have a San Juan summit to yourself in the summer with a bit of luck and driving time.)

Alternatively, when there is snow in the mountains you can expect some added challenge (and reward) to your climb. For starters, once a snowpack has been established you will most likely be unable to reach the standard trailheads for most 14ers and will instead have to hike in to the summer starting points which can add significant mileage to your climb. Once you start climbing you will likely either need flotation (snow shoes, skis, split board, etc.) or traction (micro spikes, crampons, etc.) to travel safely and efficiently on the snow. You will also be able take more direct routes to the summit than you could have during the summer but you should absolutely have the appropriate experience and training necessary to travel on snow safely (to avoid/deal with avalanches, tree wells, and other potential dangers). If you can manage all of this however, you will be treated to potentially empty trails, summits, and some of the best views that Colorado has to offer.

Selecting the Best “First” 14er for You

Choosing a target fourteener can be overwhelming given the number of options (58) but using a couple of qualifying questions you can really start to narrow down “The List” until you find the best one for you.

First and foremost, you need to be honest with yourself in determining your skill level and what “Class” you can handle (14ers.com has a great page outlining how 14ers are rated and what each rating/class means. Click Here to learn more!). If you have minimal to no experience hiking then I would not recommend choosing a route above Class 2. If you some experience hiking and are comfortable with exposure then you might be able to expand your considerations to include Class 3. If you are an experienced mountaineer with confidence in exposed and no-fall situations then you could consider the entire list but I would encourage you to at least find an experienced climbing partner for safety. Click Here for a list of 14er Routes by Difficulty/Rating.

With a Class range in mind, the other component of “difficulty” I’d recommend that you consider is route/trail length. Pikes Peak may be listed as a “Class 1” on the “Difficulty List” but the Barr Trail is over twenty miles long and I doubt you’d be able to find any 14er veteran who would tell you that it was easier than the Class 2 routes on Mt Sherman. Remember that “Class” is a mostly objective measure of how dangerous the actual trail itself is but it does not consider how long the trail is which I believe should be an important consideration. (Note: The listing of 14ers Route by Difficulty above also lists the lengths of those routes for your consideration.)

Once you’ve narrowed down your potential options based on difficulty range and length then you need to figure out which ones you can even get to. Some trailheads are right off the road while others require high clearance four-wheel drive and a very skilled driver. Click Here for a list of Trailheads and 14ers by “Road Difficulty” to determine which ones are still on your radar. (Note: Online groups and other social circles often promote ride-sharing to trailheads for improved experiences in the mountains (environmentally better, improved parking usage, etc.). This could be an option to help get you to more difficult to reach trailheads if you are able and open to linking up with other climbers.)

Now that you know which 14ers you can handle and which ones you can get to with your current transportation options, the next thing to consider is what kind of experience do you want. This is totally subjective and I cannot give you specific direction but rather more general guidelines based on your responses.

  • Do you mind crowds or are you seeking a quieter, more peaceful experience?
    • The general rule of thumb is that the further you go from Denver and the Front Range, the less crowded the mountains are. You can expect to have parking issues and crowded summits on all Front Range Peaks during the summer but you could have a mountain to yourself if you are willing to put in the drive time to get to mountains in the San Juans or even the Sangres.
  • Where are you/will you be located and how far are you willing to travel?
    • Based on your response above and your location while in Colorado, Click Here to review a map of the 14ers to make the final decision on the best one for you!

How to Prepare

Once you’ve decided on a 14er and have a general idea of when you plan to climb it, you/ll need to make sure that you establish a training (or maintenance) program to ensure that your body is up to the task. While everyone is different and there isn’t a one size fits all approach to training, you will want to work towards being able to ascend (and descend) a minimum of three to four thousand feet of elevation and go for at least eight miles. This can vary depending on the 14er you intend to do but this is generally a good rule of thumb. Make sure you work towards a goal that is beyond the specs of your intended target as you definitely don’t want to plan on finishing with an empty tank. Climbing a mountain is only half the journey and you need to make sure that not only can you get down safely but that you can also make the drive home (or back to wherever you may be staying).

If you are interested in general fitness for mountaineering and have the time/desire to learn more I would recommend reading “Training for the New Alpinism.” It is an amazing resource that can help guide you on how best to prepare for your time in the mountains and I refer to my copy regularly to ensure that I continually improve upon my own training regiment.

Finalizing Your Plans

As you get closer to when you intend to climb you should start to observe condition/trip reports (available on 14ers.com, Facebook Groups, and other online communities) as well as the weather forecasts to start narrowing down the best window in which to attempt your climb. Weather in Colorado can be very unpredictable so I’d recommend at least planning a date range for your climb to give yourself some flexibility and the highest chance of success. Betting too much on a single date could result in a lot of time and effort being put into a potentially scrubbed climb if the weather does not cooperate.

I recommend using the resources listed for each of the key factors below to determine the best day(s) to approach your climb.

The Gear List

Climbing safely in the mountains is a function of three things: Knowledge (Experience and/or Research), Preparation (Fitness and Planning), and Gear. Having the right gear can be the difference between life and death in the mountains so you definitely want to ensure that you always equip yourself appropriately for the task at hand.

The Ten Essentials
  1. Navigation – Map, Directions, GPS, or even an actual Guide to ensure that you are traveling on the correct route in a safe and secure manner.
  2. Light/Headlamp – Often times people start climbing in the dark so this is a no-brainer but in case of an emergency you also need to be able to operate safely in the dark as well.
  3. Sun Protection – Sunglasses, Clothing, Hat, and Sunscreen! The sun only gets more intense the higher you go so you definitely want to protect yourself from the enhanced damage the high altitude sun can cause. (As a bonus personal tip, I ALWAYS recommend wearing a long sleeve shirt with a hood. The long sleeves and the hood will greatly reduce the chances of significant burns in the most common places. Additionally, while there are climbing specific hoodies now, hooded fishing shirts also work great here as well.)
  4. First-Aid – Make sure you always have at least a basic first aid kit with you! Also, if you already know or think that you may have issues at altitude it might be a good idea to discuss how medicines such as acetazolamide (Diamox) can potentially alleviate some of those concerns (THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE; DISCUSS THIS WITH YOUR DOCTOR).
  5. Knife/Multi-Tool – This is usually reserved for fixing issues around camp but can come in handy for any number of reasons. I recommend establishing a bag of essentials and just including this (along with your first-aid kit and most of the other essentials listed) so that you always have it when you need it.
  6. Fire/Heat/Warmth – Being able to stay warm and fed in the high alpine is essential and you can achieve this by ensuring that you have the right clothing layers, warmth sources (hand warmers, heated clothing items, etc), and/or cooking equipment (if necessary) to get through an emergency situation.
  7. Shelter – Even if you are only planning a day climb you will want to make sure you can survive the elements. If you can swing it, a lightweight emergency bivy sac can be a literal lifesaver. At minimum make sure to bring enough clothing to bundle up if you need to hunker down!
  8. Extra Food – Always plan to bring a bit more food than you think you will need. First and foremost, you will likely be burning way more calories than you are used to and it’s important that you can access the caloric content needed to power your body for a safe and successful climb. Additionally, packing extra food can also give you options so that if you decide that the granola bar you brought isn’t going to hit the spot you can opt for those M&Ms instead.
  9. Extra Water – If you don’t know already you will quickly learn that you lose moisture much quicker at altitude and that dehydration can lead to poor decision making and even more serious consequences. You definitely don’t want to run out of water with miles to go so bring more than you think you will need. (A general rule of thumb is about one liter of water for every two hours of climbing. Additionally, unless you know what you need for the task at hand I wouldn’t recommend anything less than two liters to get you started and more for longer trips.)
  10. Extra Clothes – Safe (and comfortable) movement in the mountains is all about layering. Make sure you bring a few options so that you can mix and match until you are operating comfortably at the right temperature. In case of an emergency, you will also want to be able to bundle up while you wait for an escape window or a rescue.
Additional Items to Consider
  • Trekking Poles – These can be a lifesaver for the descent!
  • Wipes/Towel/Sanitizer – You may want to clean your dirty hands before you snack.
  • Personal Locator Beacon – In case of an emergency this device can be used to call for help.
  • Camera – Personal preference but I anticipate almost everyone who is climbing a 14er will have the inclination to take at least one photo along the way. You can use something as simple as your cellphone or go all out and bring a full-frame DSLR to get some amazing shots during your climb!
My Personal Gear List
  • Backpack – 20-35 Liters should work for most Day Trips
  • Clothes
    • Underwear + Top and/or Bottom Base-Layers (depending on temperature)
    • Softshell Pants (+ Belt)
    • Hooded Longsleve Shirt
    • Ball Cap
    • Comfortable Hiking Shoes or Boots with Socks
    • Additional Items Stowed in Pack to Start
      • Hard Shells (Top & Bottom in case of inclement weather/emergencies)
      • Buff & Beanie (In case of colder than anticipated temperatures)
      • Extra layers and/or jackets (Depending on anticipated temperatures)
      • Glove/Mitten Options (Depending on anticipated temperatures)
      • Sunglasses
  • Equipment
    • Collapsible Hiking Poles
    • Helmet (If Class 3 or higher)
    • Headlight (+ Fresh Batteries)
    • Multi-Tool
    • Route Maps & Beta (Saved directly into my phone; DO NOT RELY ON INTERNET ACCESS)
  • Personal Items
    • First-Aid Kit
    • Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen, Immodium, & Prescriptions
    • Hand Wipes
    • Tissues
    • Sunscreen
    • Trash Bag
  • Camera/Electronics
    • Phone/Camera/GoPro
    • Tripod/Selfie Stick
    • Portable Battery for Charging (with appropriate charging cables)
  • Food/Water
    • 1L Nalgene of Water
    • 1L Nalgene of Gatorade
    • Assorted snacks and food depending on climb and temperature

Climbing Day

As your planned climbing day approaches you should start making your final decisions for your climb. These include where you are going, how you are going to get there, what time you should be leaving, and exactly what you are going to pack for your trip. It would definitely be most ideal to have everything pre-planned out and completed (including the packing component) before the actual night preceding your climb. This should enable you to get a good nights rest before the big day so that on the morning of all you need to do is execute the plan. You’ve put in the time researching and planning your trip. You’ve done your training to prepare your body for the task at hand, and you know what you have to do. So put it all together and do it!

The Climb

Once you’ve arrived at the trailhead and taken your first step towards the summit you will likely experience a wave of excitement crossed with anxiety about what lies ahead. Don’t stress, just tell yourself that you’ve got this and start moving forward. As you start your ascent make sure that you stick to your game-plan and don’t get too ahead of yourself. You will have a long day ahead of you and you don’t want to burn yourself out at the start by adopting an unsustainable pace. Pay attention to your breathing (and your heart rate if you can) to ensure that you are moving at a reasonable rate of speed that isn’t sending your body into overdrive.

As you move uphill, plan to take a break at least once every hour to ninety minutes. These breaks should not be long, drawn out events but long enough for you to catch your breath, relax for a moment, and hydrate/fuel your body. These breaks will be important in maintaining your composure and drive to keep using forward.

Beware the false hopes given by false summits as most 14ers will have at least a few of these. If you studied your route hard enough you will know when you are getting close to the top. Also, do not be discouraged by being passed or passing someone else already on their decent. Everyone is working towards the same goal but at the end of the day we are each on your own journey so don’t let anyone else’s progress get you down or impact how you are approaching your climb (your pace). Stick to your game-plan and focus on taking care of yourself as you continue on. You can do this!

Finally, when you reach the summit take a moment to absorb your accomplishment and be in the moment. Look out across the beautiful landscape and feel the cool mountain air around you. You’ve reached the top and that should be celebrated. Take a photo, have a rewarding snack, or just relax for a moment. BUT REMEMBER: The summit is only the half way point! Always make sure you save enough fuel in the tank and time on the clock to get back down safely!

The Descent and Departure

Once you’ve finished enjoying your time on the summit (or at least grabbed a quick photo) if you see the weather starting to move in, it’s time to start your descent. This is where trekking poles can truly earn their place in your pack as the descent presents its own challenges and obstacles. Be careful not to move too quickly or get ahead of yourself because the down climb can be especially hard on your feet, joints, and your body if you let it. Move with purpose and confidence to ensure a safe return to the trailhead and don’t forget to mix in a little self-maintenance (food, water, & rest) along the way as necessary.

Final Thoughts

Climbing a 14er can be as easy or as difficult as you make it. In the end, proper preparation and planning will ensure a safe and rewarding experience. Lastly, once you have climbed one you can check this off your bucket list but be warned, climbing fever catches easily and the other 57 have a way of calling you back into the mountains!